IdeaApplication of Perovskite solar cells to photovoltaic glass curtain walls

Company Idea and Business Description Perovskite solar cells（PVCs） is gaining widespread interest owing to its growing power conversion efficiencies, cost-effective constituent materials, and uncomplicated manufacturing procedures. The main focus of the photovoltaic industry's development has been to achieve sustained cost reduction and increased efficiency. Crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells are nearing the theoretical power conversion efficiency of 29.4%, so there are limits to their development potential. On the other hand, PVCs boast a higher theoretical power conversion efficiency of up to 31%. These cells can be stacked with other batteries in double and triple sections to achieve an impressive conversion efficiency of 35% and 45%, respectively. Increased conversion efficiencies allow for greater production of clean energy from the calcite photovoltaic cell. PVCs have good light absorption, higher light transmission and lightweight structure. Compared to polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon cells, PVCs are able to generate electricity continuously even when the angle of sunlight is low. In addition, PVCs absorb light energy with less impact on the lighting inside the building. PVCs are therefore ideal materials for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). I want to create a company that will produce PVCs-based glass curtain walls that will be widely used in photovoltaic buildings. This will promote the popularity of building integrated PV, make more buildings environmentally friendly and energy efficient, and collectively contribute to the production and use of clean energy. This glass curtain wall is divided into three parts, including the upper panel, the lower panel and the solar cell device mounted between the upper and lower panels. The upper and lower panels are translucent panels. The solar cell device includes a metal bottom electrode, an electrical transport layer, a chalcogenide light absorbing layer, an electron transport layer and a top electrode, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. This glass curtain wall, which can automatically or manually adjust light transmittance and self-heating in winter for antifogging purposes, comprises a window frame and a heat generating device, a glass portion, an energy storage device, and a control device. The glass member includes a titanium ore solar cell layer, a transparent conductive film layer, an electrochromic layer, and a glass substrate. The control device includes a manual control device and an automatic control device, which is used to regulate the use of the glass when the final state is transparent, and in the automatic adjustment mode, power is supplied to the electrochromic layer after the light intensity reaches a certain intensity to change the colour and thus regulate the transmittance of the glass; in the manual adjustment mode, the gear can be manually selected to supply different currents to the electrochromic layer to change the colour of the glass and thus change the transmittance of the glass, and the heater switch can be manually turned on to heat the glass, which can be used to heat the glass. The heating switch can be turned on manually to heat the lens to prevent fogging. II. Expected Impact of Your Idea on Sustainable Development This idea aims to achieve significant progress towards sustainable goal 7： Clean and Affordable Energy. This idea can promote the application of PVCs in photovoltaic (PV) buildings, improve the environmental performance of buildings, increase the power generation efficiency of PV buildings, and produce more clean energy. For traditional photovoltaic buildings using crystalline silicon cells as power generation material, its power generation efficiency is not good and the manufacturing cost is relatively high. PVCs can overcome these shortcomings. Its theoretical energy conversion efficiency can reach 31%. In the photovoltaic industry, every 1% increase in photovoltaic conversion efficiency corresponds to a 5-7% reduction in the cost of electricity. Moreover, chalcogenide material is a synthetic material, the raw material itself does not have rare metals, and can be prepared through the solution so chalcogenide material manufacturing cost is low, easy to prepare. My Profile I am William Dong. I am researching the energy conversion factor, stability and manufacturing process of PVCs, as well as the manufacturing process of glass curtain walls. Therefore, I hope to apply PVCs to photovoltaic buildings in the form of photovoltaic glass curtain walls. There are already many PV cell manufacturers who are introducing the production line of PVCs, and the bottleneck of large-scale production of PVCs will be overcome. The main preparation process of PVCs: 1) after automated cleaning of the glass with positive electrode, the first vacuum coating, laser scribing out the first groove; 2) Coating chalcogenide material, crystallization, and then laser engraved out the second groove, to achieve the tandem; 3) vacuum plating of the back of the electrode, the third laser scribing, and the fourth laser edge clearing; the first process is completed. The core equipments for front coating are laser equipment, vacuum magnetron sputtering coating equipment and coating equipment. The photovoltaic glass comprises a glass substrate and a conductive line printed on the surface of the glass substrate; the conductive line includes an electrode grid line, a connecting grid line and a sinking grid line, the electrode grid line being used to connect to the TCO conductive film on the cell and to receive the photogenerated current conducted therefrom, the connecting grid line being used to collect the current from the electrode grid line and to connect a plurality of cell wafers in series to form a battery string, and the sinking grid line being used to collect the current from the battery string and to conduct the current to the power box of the module. III. Plans for Sustainability and Implementation Our company will be a total solution provider of photovoltaic glass curtain wall, integrating product research and development, engineering design, precision manufacturing, installation and construction, and consulting services. Our company will mainly undertake PV building projects such as public buildings, industrial and commercial buildings, as well as the production and sales of molded PV modules. We will build a glass curtain wall R&D and design center and a production base, and also build a PV building shaped PV module production base to expand our upstream business. Of these, the photovoltaic module production base will be able to meet our internal demand for photovoltaic glass construction as well as sell photovoltaic modules to the outside world. As the production of PV glass curtain wall necessitates significant amounts of electricity, labor, land and raw materials, we will establish the production factory in South East Asian nations. These countries offer decreased cost of goods and higher supply of raw materials, facilitating a more effective reduction of production costs. Our products will be transported worldwide via land or sea. Our downstream manufacturers are primarily construction firms. Currently, Europe, the United States, China, and Middle Eastern nations possess more favorable policies toward photovoltaic energy. Construction companies in these countries have also embraced the principles of eco-friendly construction. As a result, we will concentrate our efforts on marketing our products in these regions. The initial funding for the company will come mainly from myself and other investors, as well as some government start-up grants. These funds will be used to pay workers' salaries, rent land, buy raw materials and so on. After we start production, we will borrow money from banks in the form of mortgages or raise funds from venture capital organizations. In short, we will ensure the safety of our capital chain through various financing channels. After the company's profit, we will return to the shareholders through dividends every year, and at the same time, we will keep part of the profit to expand production and gradually promote the company's listing on the stock exchange.

What is my expertise? Float glass production technology Chalcogenide photovoltaic cell technology Light-sensitive device with automatic adjustment of light transmittance Good leadership and co-ordination skills Forward-looking production layout How can I support on other organizations ? Photovoltaic glass curtain wall will bring more decentralised energy to the city and relieve pressure on urban power supply Establishing manufacturing bases in countries such as South East Asia would boost local employment and economic growth.